Economía de mercado, miseria estructural y suficiencia: justicia social y dignidad

Giovanni Guillermo Verme Marrese

doi:10.53732/rccsociales/e81172

Authors

Giovanni Guillermo Verme Marrese Universidad Señor de Sipán, Escuela de Posgrado. Chiclayo, Perú

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsociales/e81172

Keywords:

market economy, social justice, social inequality, basic needs, social participation, poverty

Abstract

The article aims to examine whether a market economy can be considered morally legitimate when it allows the persistence of positions of structural misery and to propose structural sufficiency as a minimum criterion of legitimacy. Methodologically, it develops a philosophical-conceptual analysis through normative idealization and argumentative comparison among economic liberalism, sufficientarianism, the capability approach, relational equality, and republicanism, complemented by contemporary literature on poverty, mobility, and labor market power. The analysis shows that competition, growth, and contractual freedom can generate opportunities and mobility, but do not by themselves guarantee that everyone has sufficient basic resources, capabilities, and alternatives for effective agency. It concludes that the market may constitute a valuable institution without being morally self-sufficient: its legitimacy requires an institutional framework that prevents the persistent reproduction of positions incompatible with dignity, without implying complete egalitarianism or rejection of economic freedom.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anderson, E. S. (1999). What is the point of equality? Ethics, 109(2), 287–337. https://doi.org/10.1086/233897

Balasubramanian, P., Burchi, F., & Malerba, D. (2023). Does economic growth reduce multidimensional poverty? Evidence from low- and middle-income countries. World Development, 161, 106119. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/233897

Bengtson, A., & Nielsen, L. (2023). Relational justice: Egalitarian and sufficientarian. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 40(5), 900–918. https://doi.org/10.1111/japp.12658

Berger, D., Herkenhoff, K., & Mongey, S. (2022). Labor market power. American Economic Review, 112(4), 1147–1193. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20191521

Brieba, D. (2020). El estallido social en Chile desde el igualitarismo relacional de Elizabeth Anderson. Revista de Sociología, 35(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-529X.2020.58105

Casal, P. (2007). Why sufficiency is not enough. Ethics, 117(2), 296–326. https://doi.org/10.1086/510692

Chetty, R., Jackson, M. O., Kuchler, T., Stroebel, J., Hendren, N., Fluegge, R. B., Gong, S., Gonzalez, F., Grondin, A., Jacob, M., Johnston, D., Koenen, M., Laguna-Muggenburg, E., Mudekereza, F., Rutter, T., Thor, N., Townsend, W., Zhang, R., Bailey, M., … Wernerfelt, N. (2022). Social capital I: Measurement and associations with economic mobility. Nature, 608, 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04996-4

Erumban, A. A., & de Vries, G. J. (2024). Structural change and poverty reduction in developing economies. World Development, 181, 106674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106674

Frankfurt, H. G. (1987). Equality as a moral ideal. Ethics, 98(1), 21–43. https://doi.org/10.1086/292913

Friedman, M. (2022). Capitalismo y libertad (C. Casabón, Trad.). Deusto.

Hayek, F. A. (2008). Los fundamentos de la libertad (J. V. Torrente, Trad.). Unión Editorial.

Hayek, F. A. (2011). El uso del conocimiento en la sociedad. Instituto Mises. https://mises.org/es/mises-daily/el-uso-del-conocimiento-en-la-sociedad

Hayek, F. A. (2018). Derecho, legislación y libertad: Una nueva formulación de los principios liberales de la justicia y de la economía política (L. Reig Albiol, Trad.). Unión Editorial.

Neidhöfer, G., Ciaschi, M., Gasparini, L., & Serrano, J. (2024). Social mobility and economic development. Journal of Economic Growth, 29(2), 327–359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-023-09234-8

Nozick, R. (2014). Anarquía, Estado y utopía. Innisfree.

Nussbaum, M. C. (2012). Crear capacidades: Propuesta para el desarrollo humano (A. Santos Mosquera, Trad.). Paidós.

Pettit, P. (1999). Republicanismo: Una teoría sobre la libertad y el gobierno (T. Domènech, Trad.). Paidós.

Pettit, P. (2023). En los términos del pueblo: Teoría y modelo republicanos de democracia (R. Rekers, Trad.). Trotta.

Rawls, J. (2012). Teoría de la justicia (M. D. González, Trad.). Fondo de Cultura Económica.

Satz, D. (2015). Por qué algunas cosas no deberían estar en venta: Los límites morales del mercado (H. Salas, Trad.). Siglo XXI Editores.

Scanlon, T. M. (2020). ¿Por qué importa la desigualdad? (B. Palacios, Trad.). Avarigani Editores.

Schumpeter, J. A. (2015a). Capitalismo, socialismo y democracia: Volumen I (J. Díaz García & A. Limeres, Trads.). Página Indómita.

Schumpeter, J. A. (2015b). Capitalismo, socialismo y democracia: Volumen II (R. Ramos Fontecoba, Trad.). Página Indómita.

Sen, A. (2000). Desarrollo y libertad (E. Rabasco & L. Toharia, Trads.). Planeta

Shields, L. (2012). The prospects for sufficientarianism. Utilitas, 24(1), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953820811000392

Smith, A. (2011). La riqueza de las naciones (C. Rodríguez Braun, Trad.). Alianza Editorial.

Tomasi, J. (2012). Free market fairness. Princeton University Press.

Wolff, J., & de-Shalit, A. (2007). Disadvantage. Oxford University Press.

Yeh, C., Macaluso, C., & Hershbein, B. (2022). Monopsony in the US labor market. American Economic Review, 112(7), 2099–2138. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20200025

Young, I. M. (2011). Responsabilidad por la justicia (C. Mimiaga Bremón & R. Filella Escolá, Trads.). Morata.